![]() In the long term, stopping benzodiazepines often leads to improved physical and mental health. Long-term use is controversial because of concerns about decreasing effectiveness, physical dependence, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, and an increased risk of dementia and cancer. Benzodiazepines are associated with an increased risk of suicide due to aggression, impulsivity, and negative withdrawal effects. A minority of people have reactions such as worsened agitation or panic when they stop taking benzodiazepines. īenzodiazepines are generally viewed as safe and effective for short-term use-about two to four weeks -although cognitive impairment and paradoxical effects such as aggression or behavioral disinhibition can occur. ![]() Short- and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety. Benzodiazepines are categorized as short, intermediate, or long-acting. These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures. High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation. īenzodiazepines are depressants that enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA A receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic ( sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties. By 1977, benzodiazepines were the most prescribed medications globally the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), among other factors, decreased rates of prescription, but they remain frequently used worldwide. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955 and was made available in 1960 by Hoffmann–La Roche, who soon followed with diazepam (Valium) in 1963. As depressants-drugs which lower brain activity-they are prescribed to treat conditions such as anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Anxiety, seizures, muscle spasms, panic disorderīenzodiazepines ( BZD, BDZ, BZs), sometimes called " benzos" or " blues", are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring.
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